Archive for the ‘environment’ Category

Stations do NOT affect train speed

Monday, June 15th, 2009

Bullshit from an email thread and repeated constantly by the California High-Speed Rail Authority:

“Other potential benefits are also intriguing: a probable economic windfall for several cities along the route . . .”
and
“There will be as many as 24 passenger stations along the way . . .”

The train could more easily meet speed requirements if it stopped less. CA should do some land use planning first, then plan the train.

How would a station affect speed? Every train has to slow down to say “Hi”?

Stations have nothing to do with speed. Stations are INFRASTRUCTURE.

Station STOPS affect speed. Station STOPS are an OPERATIONAL decision and can be solved with a schedule change.

How come no one talks about having fewer freeway exits as a way to make freeways go faster? Because its stupid, drivers don’t get on and off at every freeway ramp. Yet somehow people think that a train has to behave like a stupid driver who takes every freeway exit! How come people think a train has to stop at every station?

News flash!

Trains can skip stations! If a train doesn’t stop a station the existence or (non-existence) of a station is irrelevant!

California High-Speed Rail Authority puts out this BULLSHIT as an excuse to avoid building a system that could actually serve dual purposes as both a long-distance system and a higher-speed adjunct to commuter rail.

“We can’t build more stations because that would slow down the train!”

This shinkansen train doesn’t look to be at all affected by the station:

Update 1:

Questions and astonishment from the email thread:

I’m not a train engineer, but I imagine money is spent on building a station with the expectation that some of the trains stop – because people live or work there.

I would hope so myself!

If there are stations for which trains stop infrequently, is that good planning?

Yes it is good planning. Stations can be built at relatively low cost. At the lowest end just a long enough siding, a asphalt boarding area, a parking lot and a place for taxis/buses. Even for HSR there is no reason a low frequency stop has to have even a building. Sure the HSR trains might require a high platform but that can be easily handled with a portable “step-up” carried on the train.

If I lived, or had a business near that station, I sure would want as many stops as possible.

well of course you would — and I want a pony. Wishes don’t mean you get.

Communities around those stations will use the existence of the station as marketing to attract development, but should it be happening at all 24 stops?

How is this a bad thing? Communities promoting passenger rail is bad?

Might there be some type of express/local arrangement, where a slower local (on a separate track) can feed the HSR? That doesn’t come through on the article.

You don’t need a separate track for anything except the station area. The station siding just needs to be long enough to allow for acceleration/deacceleration off of the main line. ( about 9 miles on the acceleration, less on the deacceleration ) Unless we are talking very impacted ROW the extra track is minor. The siding track is only necessary when the OPERATIONAL issues dictate that a train stopped at a station needs to be passed.

It probably doesn’t come through in the article because this is another operational issue that is decided after system is built. Running a train slower that system maximum because it is a “local” only matters when a higher speed express wants to pass. If there is nothing coming up behind it, a train can run at 40mph on the main high-speed line or it can stay stopped for 10 minutes blocking the main-line track.

How many stops do you think a typical train will make?

The system being proposed can run a train every 3 minutes / direction. 20 trains per hour going the direction you want as a passenger. If a passenger is going from one low traffic station to another they might have to transfer but at least they get service from a station close to their house. Why are we going to make them drive a long distance when the tracks are next to them. So what if only one train stops per day? This is just like Amtrak today!

Just make sure that the entire end-to-end trip time does not exceed a policy maximum.

How is it decided which stations to stop at?

By the people setting the schedule — same as today. Don’t get this question at all.

you’ve GOT to be kidding! Train Stations & Bus Stops have EVERYTHING to do with speed! Did you see: Muni floats plan to pull hundreds of S.F. stops

Really?
So the VTA 522 Rapid is slowed down by the existence of a bus stop on a curb? Did not notice that at all! Better go out and remove all those sign posts along El Camino Real for Route 22. That will definitely make the 522 go faster.

Update 2:

that bus is the transit agency’s version of BRT.
Not only have they eliminated stops (one mile length between most stop), it doesn’t even have a schedule after it leaves its origin at set time, meaning it doesn’t have to ‘wait’….

Amtrak buses doing something similar – on many runs, they will only stop if a passenger gets off, but not to pick up.

I think it important to recognize the differences between bus types – local, inter-city, BRT, and train types: commuter rail, heavy rail, LRT….speed is always an important factor – to some types more than others. Intercity trains are expected to go faster than commuter rail; commuter rail faster than heavy rail (though there can be express and local subway lines, of course), all both faster than LRT.

Can you imagine a ’smoke break’ for HSR???

And ?

Once again — how is the *existence* of a bus stop going to affect a bus’s schedule if the bus doesn’t stop at the stop?

How is the existence of a train station going to affect a given train’s speed and schedule if the train doesn’t stop?

I am completely baffled.

I am completely astonished that the NYC subway routes are impacted by stations where the train doesn’t stop.

I really do not understand how the “6-express” subway runs slower because of the existence of the “Elder Ave” stop ( which the 6-Express skips ). Perhaps someone else can help explain this?

I have no idea what a “smoke stop” has to do with station planning. Maybe you can enlighten me?

Update 3 [ 15 June 2009 23:13:00 ]:

An intelligent question from twitter:

Is there a (federal) law requiring trains to slow below a certain speed in stations irrespective of stopping?

No Federal Law. A train can go through at whatever speed it wants to. Certainly, some sort of warning system may desirable. The only exception is “holdout” stations. Holdout stations are stations where passengers cross active tracks to board. California Ave USED in Palo Alto, Ca to be holdout station.

New media same as the old when it comes to getting facts wrong

Friday, March 27th, 2009

Once again “new” media reporters on blogs has proven no better at getting facts right than “old” media reporters.

Mike Arrington over at TechCrunch gets a cheap laugh at a proposal to “ban black cars” by the California Air Resources Board.

Of course the vast majority of the comments piled on with silly comments about the “left coast” and “nutty environmentalists”, but apparently no one bothered to actually read the proposal or understand the problem.

Except that isn’t at all what the proposal actually is.

Briefly, dark colors absorb heat. And take a long time to radiate. Go down to LA in July some time. 95+ degrees. In stop and go traffic, without an airconditioner, the car will never cool off.

And if anybody bothered to actually read the presentation it says:

data indicates 20-25%
more likely achievable range for dark
colors for automobiles ( page 8 )

By 2016, all colors must meet the 20%
reflectivity requirement” (page 9)

And the benefits are:

Reduced interior temperatures can reduce a/c capacity and likelihood of a/c use
Smaller a/c or less operation results in less
fuel used ( page 4 )

So in other words, by 2016 the paints must meet a reflectivity standard that is *less* than what is possible for dark colors (except for jet black). If a Jet Black paint can meet the standards, the paint is o.k.

So ARB made sure to set an achievable goal that would not “ban” a color. But Mike needs his cheap shot and nothing was going to stand in his way.

Peak oil: Long-term price of oil is $0/barrel

Friday, December 5th, 2008

Every time the price of oil drops, the oil ostriches claim that the price drop “proves” that Peak oil does not exist. However, just like gravity which exists no matter what we want to “believe”, peak oil is a reality.

Peak oil can easily demonstrated by these questions:

  1. Q: How much new crude is being made (not “discovered”) MADE?

    A: 0 — no plants being buried, compressed, and converted to oil (at least not at a very fast rate)
  2. Q: What is the replacement rate of new production to old production?

    A: Negative. Most “new” production is just squeeze more drops out of old well-known fields.

  3. Q: What is the growth on demand?

    A: Exponentially increasing as China and India start buying more cars.
  4. Q: What does the SHORT-term price have to do with increasing the amount of crude that the world contains?

    A: Nothing. The planet Earth doesn’t look at the price and decide that it is going to convert more of its carbon into oil.

  5. Q: What does the LONG-term price have to do with increasing the amount of crude that the world contains?

    A: Nothing. (See previous question).

  6. Q: What is the price of oil based on?

    A: Price is based on the BELIEF about the VALUE that OTHERS place (not just scarcity) on the item and has nothing to do with its ACTUAL availability. If the world doesn’t believe something is valuable then the price might be quite low even though the available of that good is quite low.

    For example, how many native Navajo speakers are out there? Probably a few hundred. What is the PRICE that a Navajo speaker can charge because of that scarcity? Not much — because the world doesn’t value that skill.

    If aliens were to land tomorrow and it turned out that those 3-eyed creatures spoke Navajo — then of course the PRICE for a Navajo speaker would skyrocket.

  7. Q: What is the price of a passenger pigeon? (Hint: they are extinct)

    A: $0 — The price of something that does not exist is $0. If something does not exist, then the price is $0. The price of oil can be priced at $5/barrel until the last barrel is sold. And then the price is $0. But price is not the same as scarcity.

I will make a pricing prediction for you. In 2075 the price of oil will be $0…. because

oil.
will.
not.
exist.

There will be no price because you can’t set a price on something that does not exist!

Economics 101:

Price = PERCEIVED-VALUE / AVAILABILITY

If the availability is zero then the price is not infinite, the price is ZERO.

If the PERCEIVED-VALUE is zero then the availability doesn’t matter and the price is once again …. ZERO.

Value only increases availability when there is an infinite supply of the good.

Crude oil is not infinite.

California High-Speed Rail go direct to SFO

Wednesday, December 3rd, 2008

Clem is talking about how hard Millbrae is thanks to Quentin Kopp’s mucked up “leadership” when the original BART-to-SFO disaster was “designed” and built.

Now with California High-Speed Rail a real possibility, CHSRA should just do what should have been done all along. Route Caltrain (and now HSR) to SFO.

This map shows how it can be done right:

View Larger Map

Benefits:

  • Problematic stations are avoid ( South San Francisco, San Bruno, Millbrae, Broadway).
  • Problematic 70-mph San Bruno Curve avoid (+ thorny question of taking someone’s house).
  • Direct SFO stop
  • A unified People Mover, BART, Caltrain/HSR stop — people coming from the East Bay (Oakland Airport??) would have little to no transfers.
  • The Baby Bullet trains would now also be a Airport Express train for people coming from the South Bay/Peninsula. (instead of the 33-step Millbrae disaster)
  • More of a direct connection to the actual terminal the passenger is flying into /out of.
  • Airport workers from the Peninsula/South Bay could now take a single train to get to work — instead of 33-step Millbrae disaster.
  • Update: Also this avoids fighting with 4 cities ( Burlingame, Millbrae, San Bruno, South San Francisco) as impacts to those cities are avoid almost entirely.

Is this likely to happen?

Well considering that Quentin Kopp is running CHSRA

“Wasting fuel” option myth

Wednesday, December 3rd, 2008

How come otherwise intelligent people assume that fuel inefficiency is a desired feature in cars, SUVs, and trucks?

Do SUV buyers go to dealers and look for the car with the LEAST fuel efficiency?

Car salesperson: Hi, can I help you?

SUV buyer: Yes, I am looking for a vehicle that gets less than 11mpg. The Honda dealer across the street has a truck that gets 12mpg and I am looking for something that gets even lower mpg. Can you help me?

Car salesperson: Well of course! With this F-6705 we include a trailer hitch and matching trailer of concrete. We guarantee that that your mpg will be 4 mpg or lower!

SUV buyer: Dang! Where do I sign!

The reality is that if a consumer could buy a F150 that got 50mpg, they would buy it!

Since when is wasting money a optional “feature”?

Separate out the desire for big vehicles from the NON-desire to spend money on gas!

28th amendment – Separation of Corporation and State

Thursday, November 13th, 2008

Amendment 28 – Separation of Corporation and State

And the Chelseagreen posting

My suggested amendment:

  1. Rights enumerated or reserved under this Constitution shall be accorded only to individuals. No State or the United States, shall make or enforce any law which shall recognize any corporation, partnership, organizational entity or other legal structure of capital as having rights.
  2. Citizenship is restricted to individuals. No State or the United States shall make or enforce any law which shall recognize any corporation, partnership, organizational entity or other legal structure of capital as a citizen.
  3. Any portions of any present or future treaty that include any such recognition that is prohibited by this amendment are null and void.
  4. Foreign citizens and corporations shall have no standing to challenge in any court, this amendment or any law that enforces this amendment.
  5. The Congress shall have the power to prosecute any court cases under this amendment. If the Congress so chooses, the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction.
  6. Congress may choose to try any corporation through the established impeachment procedures. Should a corporation be convicted, the corporation shall no longer be recognized as a legal entity in the United States. Any legal protection provided by the corporation is rendered null and void.
  7. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

To the readers who say this is too radical, I will point out a few things.

  1. Corporations do have a place in the modern world.
  2. Responsible corporations do exist.
  3. Only human beings and living things suffer truly irreversible harm — a corporation as a convenient legal fiction should not be allowed to permit human beings to willfully and irresponsibly cause permanent harm to others.
  4. It is only when everyone realizes that they may be held personally liable will human beings be truly treated as human beings.
  5. Responsible corporations will rise to the occasion, irresponsible corporations will be punished first in the stock market, then by the courts.

Some Notes:

  1. I single out treaties because treaties ratified by the Senate have the force of law. This is a backdoor mechanism that is used to create new laws without going through the normal democratic process. [Update: there have been numerous cases under NAFTA where foreign companies have sued to get local laws thrown out - under pain of heavy fines. So effectively NAFTA bypassed the will of the people.]
  2. As has been proven by the Bush the lesser administration, laws are meaningless if the executive chooses to ignore them. Congress should have a separate mechanism to enforce this amendment.

[Update: removed some slippery loopholes in original version.]
[Update #2: the reason for the prohibition on foreign nationals/corporations from suing, is because many corporations have decided that it would be best to be foreign rather than U.S. based for tax reasons. Now they would have a reason to come home.]

How can government “subsidize” green technology

Wednesday, November 12th, 2008

The laissez-faire infatuatants like to talk about how government should just “stay out of the way”. Well here is some ways that government can help everyone else “stay out of the way” so solar, wind, etc. energy production has a chance to save our sorry asses:

  1. Folks should be paid for the extra solar electric energy production that exceeds usage. Huffman has a bill to in the CA Legislature, AB 1920.

    AB 1920 establishes a means by which Net-Metered customer-generators can get credit for “excess” electricity generation over and above their energy usage. The current Net-Metering law allows these customer-generators to get a “credit” toward their bill, but does not allow for any compensation for their excess generation. Many people are amazed that the utilities are not required to pay for this excess generation. This bill would correct that. The Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) and Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) credits for the excess generation purchased by the utility would then be owned by the utility and count toward their RPS requirements.

  2. Some statewide or region wide consistency in solar electric permitting submittal and inspection standards (Kurt Newick is working on getting this adopted at the International Code Council, the local Bay Area building officials). A proposed SolarTech approved standard for Photovoltaic installation permit submittal recommendations. (Instructions)
  3. Requirement that new homes have south/southwest facing roofs with a minimum 300 square foot surface. Kurt is reporting lots of crazy roofs and bad angles that make installing solar impossible.
  4. Requirements/guidelines on roofing angle to reduce installation costs.
  5. Currently in California, Homeowner Associations cannot block a solar installation. However, more than a few times homeowners have had to threaten to sue to get HOAs to agree to actually follow the law. HOAs ability to interfere in this area needs to be reduced -something with real teeth. This interference creates delays – increasing costs and making more likely that a less determined homeowner will follow through.
  6. Require new homes have the needed wiring in place so solar can be retrofitted post construction.
  7. Remove ability of NIMBYs/HOA/planning boards to determine that solar panels are ‘unsightly’ and shouldn’t be visible from street or some such nonsense.
  8. In multi-unit townhouses where the HOA handles exterior maintenance – the homeowner who installs solar is liable/responsible for the cost of removing the panels if roof work is needed. This burden should be assumed by the HOA.
  9. In multi-unit townhouses, individual buildings or connected units should be able to vote to install solar that will service the entire building or connected unit block. This handles the case where a good solar installation will cross multiple units’ roofs.
  10. Reduce/eliminate inflated permitting fees charged by cities. See this study for more details.
  11. Focus on the demand side as well. Develop Energy Star ratings for houses, the same as we have for refrigerators and other appliances. Penalize developers/builders/homeowners for building/buying houses with a poor rating. Have the Energy Star rating affect the property tax on the house. For townhouses, this might need to be assessed at the HOA level. Same needs to be applied to commercial buildings. Lots of flat roofs that should have solar on them.
  12. Don’t ignore barriers to geothermal or small windpower installations as well.

Fewer roads, less congestion

Sunday, September 14th, 2008

Selfish driving causes congestion

The article also talks about Braess’ Paradox and Nash Equilibria but the math is beyond my abilities.

Chris Anderson and the wrong tail of energy security

Monday, August 18th, 2008

Chris Anderson is on such the wrong track about energy security.

He does get the idea of reducing Vehicle Miles Traveled. Anything we can do to reduce the miles that need to be traveled to accomplish a task will lead to energy security and independence.

Man, oh, man …but…everything else…. thumbs down…..

  1. EU’s policy on GMO was driven by the choice of its *people* (as in a democracy lets its people decide). Or does Chris now believe that you should not be allowed to decide what kinds of food you eat?
  2. Africa doesn’t want GMO because they don’t want to have to pay Monsanto to grow crops that African farmers have grown for centuries. African farmers like most indigenous farmers save seed from one crop to start the next. GMO seed from Monsanto means that those farmers have to pay for the privilege of what they have done for free for generations. In a case in Canada — a farmer was accused by Monsanto of ’stealing’ their corn seed because the GMO Monsanto corn had cross-pollinated with his corn stock. Whether or not you believe the defendant farmer is immaterial. Why would Africans be stupid enough to make let Monsanto, et.al. control their food supply?
  3. Africa is the original source for barley (13 or so subspecies). Coming in with a GMO pollutes the seed stock. To see what I mean just google for “GMO Corn pollution”.
  4. Blaming environmentalists for the lack of LNG terminals is just wrong. Most people don’t want to have an LNG terminal anywhere near them because if an LNG tanker is ever successfully attacked (and its already been attempted) everyone with waterside property will be crispy. There is a reason the Coast Guard establishes a 2 mile security zone in front, 1 mile behind, and 500 yards on either side of an LNG ship.
  5. Natural Gas is another fossil fuel that is running out. Its prices are going up for the same reason that oil in general is going up … increased demand.
  6. Corn prices have shot up because the US has decided that it would be a good idea to burn our food in our cars in the form of ethanol rather than eat it.
  7. Our agriculture is a very fossil fuel intensive endeavor. Fertilizers are made from fossil fuels. Farmers use fossil fuel hungry tractors and equipment. The food is grown thousand of miles away from where it is consumed. And lastly, meat production is even more intensive as it takes all that fossil fuel in the form of corn and then feeds it to cattle. So we should not be surprised that fossil fuel prices sky-rocketing results in high food prices.
  8. Nuclear — No nuclear power plants are being built because the economics simply are not there. Nuclear power plants come in only one size — extra large. Power companies are trying to adjust their production with the demand. A nuclear power plant is a decade-long bet on a huge increase in demand. This is a very dangerous bet that no sane energy executive will make. California has shown that it is possible to reduce per-capita energy consumption without severe noticeable economic issues. California has been doing this for decades (even before the Enron fiasco). So an energy executive has got to decide today that in 2018 electrical demand is going to be so high that any advances in solar, wind, geothermal + any advances in energy efficiency is going to justify an all-or-nothing bet on a nuclear power plant.
  9. Nuclear — any nuclear power plant needs an enriched power source. More nuclear power plants means more incentive for other less stable nations to decide they want their own nuclear power plant — which of course makes it easier for nuclear fuel to fall into the wrong hands. Do you think it is a great idea for nuclear technology to be spread everywhere?
  10. Nuclear — There really isn’t that much uranium in the world. And as this article explains most uranium comes from …. other countries. So once again our energy security would be out of our control!

High-Speed Rail and the “Reason” Foundation.

Sunday, August 17th, 2008

Here is what the “Reason” Foundation says about High Speed Rail:

If you don’t want to read the whole thing:

  • a Highway project in Massachusetts ended up cost more money than planned for — as we all know highway projects always cost way too much.
  • the US can’t get off its ass and build anything faster than the Acela. (at a time when the French have tested a train that could beat a plane flying the JFK-LAX route)
  • the California HSR route is longer than the Acela line and somehow that means the percentage market capture should be smaller — because as we all know people take High-Speed Rail to get to their neighbor’s house or their kitchen.
  • Apparently the species of homo sapiens (homo sillius?) that lives in the US is different than the species living in Japan and Europe — so therefore anything that other species does does not apply to homo sillius.
  • High-Speed Rail apparently is supposed to compete against Greyhound on a price basis and against planes based on time. I didn’t realize that the business bus traveler was such an important target market.
  • All that stuff in the latest Star Trek movie — you know …. those cool transporters that instantly zap you from place to place … are already in place. Those transporters will be used to instantly zap you out of your house, past airport security to your airline seat. Travelers will not have to arrive at the airport 2 hours before their flight. At the other end, the transporters will get travelers from LAX to where they really want to be. This will keep that airline flight of 80 min time competitive with a 150min HSR trip. The bad news is that sometimes TSA regulations result in you arriving unclothed because TSA needs to send your clothes for “extra screening”. Hospital gowns will be provided while you are waiting for your clothes to catch up. Remember the adage to deal with stage fright “Imagine your audience is wearing no clothes?” well now you will not have to imagine…
  • Businesses survive by satisfying the “homo consumius” species. politicians survive by satisfying the “homo votius” species. Once again, new subspecies that our high school textbooks sadly have failed to document.
  • Bonds are a bad idea. investment is a bad idea.